Tuberculosis (TB) Vaccination in Sweden: What You Need to Know

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. While TB is largely curable, it can be life-threatening if left untreated. Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent TB, and it is recommended for individuals at high risk of exposure. In Sweden, TB vaccination is part of the national childhood immunization program, and it is free of charge.

How Does the TB Vaccine Work?

The TB vaccine, known as the BCG vaccine, is a live attenuated vaccine. This means that it contains a weakened form of the TB bacteria. When the vaccine is administered, the weakened bacteria triggers an immune response in the body, which helps to protect against future infection with the actual TB bacteria. The BCG vaccine is not 100% effective, but it is estimated to be about 80% effective in preventing severe forms of TB, such as TB meningitis and miliary TB.

Who Should Get the TB Vaccine?

In Sweden, the TB vaccine is recommended for all infants and children under the age of 18. It is also recommended for adults who are at high risk of exposure to TB, such as: * Healthcare workers * People who work in shelters or other settings where they may come into contact with people with TB * People who travel to countries where TB is common * People who have close contact with someone who has TB

Is the TB Vaccine Safe?

The TB vaccine is generally considered to be safe. However, there are some potential side effects, such as: * Mild fever * Redness and swelling at the injection site * Lymph node swelling * In rare cases, the TB vaccine can cause serious side effects, such as meningitis or disseminated BCG infection. These side effects are more common in people with weakened immune systems.

When Should I Get the TB Vaccine?

The TB vaccine is typically given to infants at birth or shortly thereafter. It can also be given to older children and adults who have not previously been vaccinated. If you are not sure whether you have been vaccinated against TB, you should talk to your doctor.

Where Can I Get the TB Vaccine?

The TB vaccine is available at most doctors' offices and clinics. It is also available at some pharmacies.

How Much Does the TB Vaccine Cost?

The TB vaccine is free of charge in Sweden for all infants and children under the age of 18. For adults, the cost of the vaccine may vary depending on your insurance coverage.

Conclusion

The TB vaccine is a safe and effective way to prevent TB. It is recommended for all infants and children under the age of 18, as well as adults who are at high risk of exposure to TB. If you have not been vaccinated against TB, talk to your doctor about getting vaccinated.